Perhaps one of the most ground-breaking scientific discoveries of modern times was the development of DNA sequencing techniques. Scientists have successfully used them to crack the DNA code and get a glimpse inside the incredible molecule that makes up every living thing on our planet.
DNA sequencing can be a complex topic. The layman might struggle to understand what it even is, let alone what it is used for. However, DNA sequencing is an incredibly valuable tool and has found numerous uses across a range of fields of research. We’ve put together a list with four of the top uses for DNA sequencing. Check it out below.
Studying Evolutionary Biology
This is one of the first things people think of when they think of DNA sequencing. By examining molecular genetics and the unique code inside DNA, scientists can look back across evolutionary past and get an idea of where we and other living organisms have come from.
Recently, scientists took one step closer to making Jurassic Park a reality when they successfully sequenced the genome of the extinct woolly mammoth. This was a truly incredible moment for science and could be the key to reviving species that have been driven to extinction through human interference.
Disease Prevention
Many diseases are genetic. Not caused by bacteria or viruses, but instead passed down through families through shared genetic material.
By using DNA sequencing, scientists have been able to identify and flag the variations and mutations in our genetic code that can give rise to these kinds of diseases. This is absolutely vital work and can be used to put early steps in place to pre-empt the development these diseases and potentially stop them in their tracks.
Pharmaceuticals
Drugs and medicines are crucial for preventing and treating disease. However, every human being is different. We react and respond to drugs in different ways. What might be helpful for one person might be less effective than the other, while allergies and intolerances can rule people out of certain medicines altogether.
DNA sequencing can be used to understand why people respond to medications in certain ways. Scientists can then use this data to more accurately design pharmaceuticals and work towards creating truly personalised drugs for individual patients.
Virology
Virology is the study of viruses, which are microscopic pathogens that can cause disease. As we clearly saw with the Covid-19 pandemic, viruses have the ability to cause untold damage and chaos, they represent one of the greatest threats we face today.
The study of viruses, therefore, is crucial. The more we understand them, the more we can do to prevent their spread and effects in the future. Viruses are so small that even powerful microscopes can’t see them, so virologists must use DNA sequencing methods to study these pathogens.
Conclusion
There have been few developments in medical science as revolutionary as DNA sequence. Scientists have been able to use it to accomplish a range of amazing things, including disease prevention, medication design, and virology.
